Betnovate
Betnovate contains betamethasone valerate 0.1%, a potent topical corticosteroid manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline.
It is prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory skin conditions including eczema, psoriasis, and dermatitis where a potent corticosteroid is required.
Betnovate is available as cream, ointment, lotion, and scalp application and is a prescription-only medicine (POM) in the UK.
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Betnovate is a brand-name topical corticosteroid manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline, containing betamethasone valerate 0.1% as its active ingredient.
Classified as a potent corticosteroid in the British National Formulary (BNF), Betnovate is one of the most widely prescribed topical steroids in UK primary care.
It is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe inflammatory skin conditions including atopic eczema, psoriasis, contact dermatitis, seborrhoeic dermatitis, and other steroid-responsive dermatoses.
Betnovate is available in multiple formulations to suit different skin types and body sites: cream for moist or weeping areas, ointment for dry or lichenified skin, lotion for large body areas, and a scalp application for inflammatory scalp conditions.
This page provides a comprehensive clinical overview of Betnovate, covering how it works, correct usage, treatment duration, side effects, safety warnings, and how to obtain a prescription in the UK.
Important safety information about Betnovate
Before using Betnovate, be aware of the following key safety points. Betnovate is a prescription-only medicine (POM) in the UK.
- Do not apply Betnovate to skin with untreated bacterial, fungal, or viral infections. Corticosteroids can mask and worsen infections.
- Do not use Betnovate on the face for more than 5 days without dermatologist supervision.
- Keep treatment courses as short as clinically necessary. Prolonged use risks skin thinning, stretch marks, and other local side effects.
- In children, use only under specialist supervision for the shortest effective duration.
What is Betnovate
Betnovate is the original brand of betamethasone valerate 0.1% topical corticosteroid, introduced in the UK in the 1960s and manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline.
It has a long-established safety and efficacy profile and remains a first-choice potent topical corticosteroid for many UK prescribers.
The active ingredient, betamethasone valerate, is a synthetic fluorinated glucocorticoid that exerts potent anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, and vasoconstrictive effects when applied to the skin.
Betnovate is available as: Betnovate Cream (water-miscible base containing cetomacrogol, suitable for moist or weeping areas), Betnovate Ointment (paraffin-based, providing superior hydration and occlusion for dry and scaly conditions), Betnovate Lotion (for application to large areas or hairy skin), and Betnovate Scalp Application (an aqueous-alcoholic solution for inflammatory scalp conditions).
How Betnovate works
Betamethasone valerate penetrates the stratum corneum and binds to intracellular glucocorticoid receptors within skin cells including keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and resident immune cells.
The activated receptor complex enters the cell nucleus and modulates gene transcription, suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukins IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-alpha), prostaglandins, and leukotrienes.
This produces multiple beneficial effects: vasoconstriction reduces erythema, reduced capillary permeability decreases oedema, suppression of inflammatory mediators relieves pruritus, and inhibition of leucocyte migration and activation damps the immune response driving eczema and psoriasis.
The combined result is a rapid reduction in redness, swelling, itching, and scaling, allowing the skin barrier to recover.
Betnovate Cream and Betnovate Ointment deliver the same active ingredient concentration (0.1%) but differ in their base.
The cream base includes water and emulsifying agents, making it cosmetically lighter and easier to spread on moist skin.
The ointment base is anhydrous (water-free) paraffin, which provides a more occlusive barrier that enhances drug penetration and skin hydration, making it more effective for dry, thickened, or lichenified skin.
Conditions treated with Betnovate
Atopic eczema
Atopic eczema is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin condition affecting up to 20% of children and 10% of adults in the UK.
NICE Clinical Guideline CG57 recommends a stepped approach, with potent topical corticosteroids such as Betnovate used for moderate to severe flares on the trunk and limbs.
Treatment is applied once or twice daily until the flare resolves, then stepped down to a milder preparation or emollient-only maintenance.
Weekend (proactive) therapy with twice-weekly application to previously affected sites may be recommended to reduce flare frequency in severe cases.
Psoriasis
Plaque psoriasis presents as well-demarcated, erythematous plaques with adherent silvery-white scale.
Potent topical corticosteroids are a first-line treatment option for mild to moderate psoriasis, typically used in combination with a vitamin D analogue such as calcipotriol.
NICE CG153 recommends short-term potent corticosteroid treatment of up to 4 weeks for trunk and limb psoriasis, followed by a vitamin D analogue for ongoing maintenance.
Betnovate Scalp Application is commonly prescribed for scalp psoriasis.
Contact dermatitis and other dermatoses
Betnovate is also prescribed for allergic and irritant contact dermatitis, seborrhoeic dermatitis, discoid lupus erythematosus, lichen planus, and other steroid-responsive conditions where a potent corticosteroid is clinically indicated.
The prescriber will assess the diagnosis, severity, and body site before recommending Betnovate over milder alternatives.
How to apply Betnovate correctly
Correct application maximises efficacy and minimises side effects. Wash and dry the affected area.
Squeeze a thin ribbon of cream or ointment along the length of your fingertip from the tip to the first crease.
This is one fingertip unit (FTU), approximately 0.5 g, covering an area the size of two adult palms. Apply in a thin, even layer and rub in gently.
Avoid vigorous rubbing. Wash your hands after application unless the hands are being treated.
Apply Betnovate once or twice daily.
Current evidence, including NICE guidance, suggests that once-daily application is as effective as twice-daily for most patients, with a lower risk of local side effects.
Your prescriber will advise on the appropriate frequency for your condition.
Emollient timing
Emollients are a critical part of managing eczema and psoriasis and should be used regularly alongside Betnovate.
Apply your emollient first, wait at least 20 to 30 minutes to allow absorption, then apply Betnovate to the inflamed area.
Alternatively, apply them at different times of day. Using an emollient immediately before a corticosteroid can dilute the active ingredient and spread it beyond the target area.
Treatment duration
Betnovate is intended for short-term treatment of flares. A typical course lasts 7 to 14 days for eczema and up to 4 weeks for psoriasis.
Continuous use beyond 4 weeks on any single body area should be reviewed by your prescriber.
When the condition is controlled, step down to a milder corticosteroid or emollient-only maintenance.
If your prescriber recommends proactive (weekend) therapy, apply Betnovate to previously affected areas twice weekly to maintain remission.
Side effects of Betnovate
Common local side effects
Mild burning, stinging, or itching at the application site may occur, particularly on first use. These effects are usually transient. Skin dryness may occur, especially with the cream formulation, which can be mitigated by regular emollient use.
Side effects from prolonged use
Extended use of Betnovate beyond recommended durations increases the risk of irreversible local changes: skin atrophy (thinning, fragile skin), striae (stretch marks, particularly in flexural areas), telangiectasia (visible dilated blood vessels), easy bruising, hypopigmentation or hyperpigmentation, and acneiform or rosacea-like eruptions.
These changes are more likely on thin-skinned areas such as the face, eyelids, axillae, and groin.
Systemic side effects
Systemic absorption is minimal with short-term, localised use.
However, widespread application, prolonged treatment, use under occlusion, or application to extensive broken skin can lead to systemic effects including hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis suppression, Cushingoid features, hyperglycaemia, and growth retardation in children.
Periocular use carries a risk of raised intraocular pressure and cataract formation.
When to seek medical advice
Contact your GP or NHS 111 if your skin worsens during treatment, if you develop signs of skin infection (increasing redness, warmth, pus, or pain), or if you notice skin thinning or stretch marks.
Report suspected adverse reactions via the MHRA Yellow Card scheme at yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk .
Warnings and precautions
Infections
Do not use Betnovate on infected skin unless a suitable antimicrobial is being used concurrently.
Corticosteroids suppress the local immune response and can allow bacterial, fungal, or viral infections to spread.
If infection develops during treatment, add appropriate antimicrobial therapy and consider pausing the corticosteroid until the infection is controlled.
Face and sensitive areas
Do not apply Betnovate to the face for more than 5 days without specialist supervision. Avoid the eyelids due to the risk of glaucoma and cataract.
Thin-skinned flexural areas (axillae, groin, under breasts) absorb corticosteroids more readily and are at increased risk of local side effects.
Children
Potent corticosteroids in children require specialist supervision. Children have thinner skin and a higher body-surface-area-to-weight ratio, increasing the risk of systemic effects. Nappy areas should not be treated with potent corticosteroids.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Avoid extensive or prolonged use during pregnancy. Small amounts on limited areas for short durations are generally considered low risk. During breastfeeding, do not apply to the breast before feeding. Consult your prescriber for individualised advice.
Excipient sensitivities
Betnovate Cream contains cetostearyl alcohol and chlorocresol, which may cause contact sensitivity in some individuals. If you develop worsening or new skin irritation that does not match your underlying condition, inform your prescriber, as excipient allergy may be responsible.
How to get a Betnovate prescription in the UK
Betnovate is a prescription-only medicine (POM) in the UK. Your GP will assess your skin condition, confirm the diagnosis, and determine whether a potent corticosteroid is appropriate.
If your eczema or psoriasis is severe or unresponsive to initial treatment, referral to a dermatologist may be recommended.
Authorised online prescribers registered with the General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC) may also prescribe Betnovate following a structured consultation. All prescriptions are dispensed by registered pharmacies.
The standard NHS prescription charge in England is currently 9.90 pounds per item; prescriptions are free in Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.
Betnovate compared with other topical corticosteroids
Betnovate sits in the potent category of the BNF corticosteroid potency ladder, alongside mometasone furoate 0.1% and betamethasone dipropionate 0.05%.
It is stronger than moderate preparations such as clobetasone butyrate 0.05% (Eumovate) and milder than very potent preparations such as clobetasol propionate 0.05% (Dermovate).
Your prescriber will select the appropriate potency based on the severity of your condition, the body site, and your treatment history.
The goal is always to use the least potent preparation that controls the disease effectively.
Living with inflammatory skin conditions
Long-term skin health depends on consistent daily care beyond topical corticosteroid treatment. Use emollients liberally and frequently, even when the skin appears clear.
Replace standard soap with emollient wash products to protect the skin barrier. Wear loose cotton clothing to reduce irritation. Identify and avoid known triggers.
For eczema, NICE recommends step-up and step-down treatment plans, with patients empowered to self-manage flares using a pre-agreed treatment plan.
For psoriasis, controlled UV exposure and stress management can complement pharmacological treatment.
When to seek urgent medical advice
Contact your GP or NHS 111 if your condition deteriorates rapidly, if you develop widespread erythema and scaling (possible erythroderma), or if signs of infection develop.
Eczema herpeticum (herpes simplex superinfection of eczematous skin) presents with clustered painful blisters and requires urgent antiviral treatment.
Seek emergency care by calling 999 or attending A&E if you develop signs of a severe allergic reaction including swelling of the face, lips, or throat, or difficulty breathing.
Sources
- Betnovate Cream, Summary of Product Characteristics (EMC)
- Betamethasone, British National Formulary (BNF)
- NICE CG57: Atopic eczema in under 12s
- NICE CG153: Psoriasis, assessment and management
- Topical corticosteroids, NHS
- MHRA Yellow Card Scheme
Medical information
Betnovate contains betamethasone valerate 0.1%, a potent (Group III BNF classification) topical corticosteroid. Betamethasone valerate exerts anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, and vasoconstrictive effects by binding to intracellular glucocorticoid receptors and suppressing the transcription of pro-inflammatory mediators including interleukins, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes. This reduces erythema, oedema, pruritus, and scaling in steroid-responsive dermatoses. Betnovate cream contains cetomacrogol as an emulsifying agent and is suitable for moist or weeping lesions. Betnovate ointment is paraffin-based and provides superior occlusion and hydration for dry, lichenified, or scaly conditions. The scalp application is an aqueous-alcoholic solution designed for use on the hairy scalp.Dosage guidance
Apply a thin layer of Betnovate cream or ointment to the affected area(s) once or twice daily as directed by your prescriber. Use the fingertip unit (FTU) method to measure the correct amount: one FTU (approximately 0.5 g) covers an area roughly the size of two adult palms. Rub in gently in the direction of hair growth. Wash your hands after application unless the hands are the treatment area. Once the condition is controlled, reduce the frequency of application or step down to a less potent corticosteroid. For Betnovate scalp application, part the hair to expose the affected area and apply a few drops directly to the lesion(s) morning and evening. Do not cover with an occlusive dressing unless directed by your prescriber. Treatment courses should be as short as clinically necessary. Continuous use on any single body area beyond 2 to 4 weeks should be reviewed by your prescriber. When discontinuing after prolonged use, reduce frequency gradually to minimise the risk of rebound flare. In children, use the minimum effective amount for the shortest duration. Potent topical corticosteroids should be used in children only under specialist dermatological supervision. Betnovate is not recommended for infants under 1 year without specialist guidance. Your prescriber may recommend proactive (weekend) therapy for frequently relapsing eczema, applying Betnovate twice weekly to previously affected sites to maintain remission. This strategy is supported by evidence and reduces flare frequency without the risks of continuous daily use. If you miss an application, apply at the next scheduled time. Do not apply extra to compensate for a missed dose.Side effects and warnings
The most common side effects of Betnovate are local reactions at the application site, including mild burning, stinging, or itching during or shortly after application. These are usually transient and mild. Prolonged or excessive use of Betnovate can cause local adverse effects including skin thinning (atrophy), stretch marks (striae), visible small blood vessels (telangiectasia), easy bruising (purpura), pigmentation changes (lightening or darkening of the skin), and acneiform eruptions. Use on the face may trigger perioral dermatitis or steroid rosacea. These risks increase with duration of treatment, use of occlusive dressings, and application to thin-skinned areas. Allergic contact dermatitis to Betnovate or its excipients may occur rarely, presenting as worsening of the treated area or development of new eczema extending beyond the original site. If this is suspected, treatment should be stopped and patch testing considered. Systemic side effects are uncommon with short-term, localised use but may occur with widespread application over large body areas, prolonged treatment, or use under occlusion. Potential systemic effects include adrenal suppression, Cushing syndrome features, hyperglycaemia, and in children, growth retardation. If your skin worsens, develops signs of infection (increasing redness, warmth, pus, or pain), or if you notice stretch marks or skin thinning, stop treatment and contact your GP. Report adverse reactions via the MHRA Yellow Card scheme at yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk.Do not use Betnovate on skin affected by untreated bacterial, fungal, or viral infections, including impetigo, athlete's foot, ringworm, herpes simplex (cold sores), chickenpox, and shingles.
Corticosteroids suppress the local immune response and can allow infections to spread or worsen.
Betnovate should not be applied to the face for longer than 5 days unless directed by a dermatologist.
Avoid application near or on the eyelids because of the risk of glaucoma and cataract with prolonged periocular use.
Do not apply Betnovate under occlusive dressings unless your prescriber has specifically instructed you to do so.
Occlusion increases absorption and raises the risk of local and systemic side effects. In children, potent corticosteroids should only be used under specialist supervision.
Children are more vulnerable to systemic effects due to their higher body-surface-area-to-weight ratio.
Nappy areas in infants act as natural occlusive environments and should not be treated with potent corticosteroids.
Use during pregnancy should be limited to the smallest area and shortest duration possible. Extensive or prolonged application is not recommended.
During breastfeeding, do not apply Betnovate to the breast before feeding. If you have been using Betnovate for an extended period, do not stop abruptly.
Gradually reduce the frequency of application to minimise the risk of a rebound flare of your skin condition. Discuss a step-down plan with your prescriber.
Betnovate cream contains cetostearyl alcohol and chlorocresol, which may cause local skin reactions in sensitive individuals.
Betnovate ointment is generally well tolerated but is not suitable for moist or exudative conditions.
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